Chemical/Laboratory Techniques: Distillation

Distillation is based on the principle that liquids have different boiling points and that the temperature of a mixture does not increase above the lowest boiling point. By heating the solution to the first boiling point of a liquid in the mixture, we can condense the vapours of this liquid in a separate flask. By continuously changing the flask whenever the thermometer indicates a different boiling point we can separate a mixture of liquids into pure liquids. Certain compounds have a very high boiling point or decompose when heated. By reducing the pressure you can lower the boiling point and separate the liquids (vacuum distillation). Certain liquids form an azeotrope and can’t be separated from each other by distillation. Music used: Tenderness - Benjamin Tissot (https://www.bensound.com/royalty-free-music/track/tenderness) From bensound.com under their free license (https://www.bensound.com/terms-and-conditions) This video was created by N.N.H.M. Eisink, PhD, and T.R. Canrinus, PhD of the Faculty of Engineering and Science of the University of Groningen as an Open Educational Resource (OER) This video has been released under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License (CC-BY-NC-SA 4.0) by the University of Groningen (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) The video can be downloaded from the OER platform Edusources for purposes allowed under the license terms: https://edusources.nl/en/materials/45e0ec8f-8066-4133-b5a9-6f2149acecc6