Critical Section in OS || Process Synchronization || Critical Section Problem

The critical section refers to the segment of code where processes access shared resources, such as common variables and files, and perform write operations on them. Since processes execute concurrently, any process can be interrupted mid-execution. A Critical Section is a group of instructions/statements or regions of code that need to be executed atomically, such as accessing a resource (file, input or output port, global data, etc..) In concurrent programming, if one thread tries to change the value of shared data at the same time as another thread tries to read the value (i.e., data race across threads), the result is unpredictable. The access to such shared variables (shared memory, shared files, shared port, etc.) is to be synchronized.