Cross-correlation: measures the degree of similarity of two waveforms (such as two traces, curves, profiles, … etc.).
Cross-correlation of two digital waveforms involves:
1- cross-multiplication of the individual waveform elements,
2- summing the cross-multiplication products, over the common time interval of the waveforms, to derive the cross-correlation as a function of lag value,
3- sliding one waveform past the other and, for each time shift, or lag.
References:
1- Kearey, P. , Brooks, M., Hill, I., 2002. An Introduction to Geophysical Exploration. Blackwell Science Ltd.
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