PHYSICS

Physics is the science that deals with the structure of matter and the interactions between the fundamental constituents of the observable universe. The scope of physics- The traditionally organized branches or fields of classical and modern physics are: Mechanics is generally taken to mean the study of the motion of objects (or their lack of motion) under the action of given forces. The study of gravitation This field of inquiry has in the past been placed within classical mechanics for historical reasons, because both fields were brought to a high state of perfection by Newton and also because of its universal character. The modern theory of gravitation was formulated by Albert Einstein and is called the general theory of relativity. The study of heat, thermodynamics, and statistical mechanics The science of statistical mechanics derives bulk properties of systems from the mechanical properties of their molecular constituents, assuming molecular chaos and applying the laws of probability. The study of electricity and magnetism The Study of Wave and Ray optics. Atomic and chemical physics Condensed-matter physics - This field, which treats the thermal, elastic, electrical, magnetic, and optical properties of solid and liquid substances, grew at an explosive rate in the second half of the 20th century and scored numerous important scientific and technical achievements, including the transistor. Nuclear physics This branch of physics deals with the structure of the atomic nucleus and the radiation from unstable nuclei. Particle physics One of the most significant branches of contemporary physics is the study of the fundamental subatomic constituents of matter, the elementary particles. Quantum mechanics Although the various branches of physics differ in their experimental methods and theoretical approaches, certain general principles apply to all of them.