SUBSTATION (FINAL) IN MALAYALAM

6. Busbar Arrangement The busbar is a conductor used to connect two and more equipment located side-by-side when the currents are very high. These are usually rectangular, sometimes tubular, bare copper bars supported on insulators. The outdoor busbars are either of the rigid type or of the strain type. In the rigid type, pipes are used for making connections among the various equipment. The strain type busbars are an overhead system of wires strung between two supporting structures and supported strain type insulators. Since the busbars are rigid, the clearances remain constant. 7. Capacitor Bank It is a series parallel combination of capacitors required to improve power factor of the system. They act as reactive power generators, and provide the needed reactive power to accomplish active power of circuit. This reduces the amount of reactive power, and thus total power (kVA) or the demand. The bank should be provided as near as possible to load. 8. Earthing Provision of an effective, durable and a dependable earthing in a substation and switching stations is very important for the safety of operating personnel as well as electrical devices. The voltage levels do not rise above tolerable thresholds and that the earth connection is rugged to dissipate the fault to the earth. Earthing has a very low resistance and connects the electrical equipment to the general mass of the earth. 9. Fencing Arrangement Fencing is provided at outdoor substation yard for restricting entry of unauthorized person and livestock. It must be earthed/ grounded separately. Height of fencing normally should not be less than 1.8 metres. Fencing should be painted once in a year by suitable paint. 10. Distribution Panelboard Distribution panelboard consists of MCCBs, control equipment, meters and relays are housed in the control room. The panel frame shall be connected to the earth grid by an earthing conductor. A rubber mat of prescribed size and quality shall lay in front of panel.