This Planet Can't Exist... But It Does

Artistic scale note: the star may appear smaller than the planet for composition and storytelling. In reality, TOI-5205 is not smaller than TOI-5205b: the star is about 0.394 times the Sun's radius, while the planet is about 1.03 times Jupiter's radius, making the star roughly 3.7 to 3.8 times wider than the planet. TOI-5205b is a Jupiter-sized planet orbiting a tiny M4 red dwarf star, and that pairing is difficult for standard planet-formation models to explain. This video follows how TESS found the deep transit, how radial-velocity measurements confirmed the planet, and why later JWST observations made the system even more interesting. *Sources* - Kanodia et al. 2023, "TOI-5205b: A Short-period Jovian Planet Transiting a Mid-M Dwarf," The Astronomical Journal, 165, 120 — https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/acabce - NASA Exoplanet Archive: TOI-5205 b overview and system parameters — https://exoplanetarchive.ipac.caltech.edu/overview/TOI-5205%20b - Cañas et al. 2026, "GEMS JWST: Transmission Spectroscopy of TOI-5205b Reveals Significant Stellar Contamination and a Metal-poor Atmosphere," The Astronomical Journal, 171, 260 — https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ae4976 - arXiv: TOI-5205b discovery paper preprint — https://arxiv.org/abs/2209.11160 - arXiv: JWST transmission spectroscopy preprint — https://arxiv.org/abs/2502.06966 - NASA TESS mission page — https://science.nasa.gov/mission/tess/ - NASA Webb mission page — https://science.nasa.gov/mission/webb/ — AI USE — All the video ideas for the topics and almost all of the drawings are mostly made by real people! Here, AI is used for voiceovers, image expansion/enhancement/generation, text polishing, and help with writing and research. #TOI5205b #Exoplanets #RedDwarf #JWST #TESS #Astronomy #SpaceScience #PlanetFormation