Evolution of RAYS

CHONDRICHTHYES Pt.4/4 Part one : https://youtu.be/o60wu_d38yU?si=AWOK-aOH-1aoJhWR Part two : https://youtu.be/AQwvTAuP8rw?si=2r6PiZSMA1EtxpJJ Part three : https://youtu.be/YKUOzNwo1bw?si=RjHOT-_3G0ePFLRZ Part four about rays Music by White Bat audio https://www.youtube.com/@WhiteBatAudio Written by myself and read by NaturalReaders : https://www.naturalreaders.com/ Thumbnail : montage Illustrations by Satoshi Kawasaki and Marc Dando Icons next to names indicate the diet : 🦀 Aquatic arthropods 🪱 Invertebrates 🐟 Fish 🦑 Cephalopods 🦪 Shelly mollusks 🪲 Terrestrial arthropods 💮 Reef organisms 🦐 Plankton The whole playlist : https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PLZFljdk_R2daQUpjwiAOvjlP8M0rt5a8H&si=kg1JHVQGtrt53_jA Sources and more informations about the animals shown : Lesser electric ray - https://myfwc.com/research/saltwater/sharks-rays/ray-species/lesser-electric-ray/ Pacific electric ray - https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/summary/2552 Atlantic torpedo ray - https://fishspecies.dnrec.delaware.gov/FishSpecies.aspx?habitat=2&species=85 Blackchin guitarfish - https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/species/blackchin-guitarfish Brazilian guitarfish - https://saveourseas.com/update/the-brazilian-guitarfish-one-of-the-most-endangered-marine-species-in-brazil/ Longcomb sawfish - https://www.floridamuseum.ufl.edu/discover-fish/species-profiles/pristis-zijsron/ Dwarf sawfish - https://www.sawfishconservationsociety.org/dwarf-sawfish Largetooth sawfish - https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/fish/facts/largetooth-sawfish Onchopristis - https://www.prehistoric-wildlife.com/species/o/onchopristis.html Blue legskate - https://fishesofaustralia.net.au/home/species/1761 Clearnose skate - https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Raja_eglanteria/ Eastern shovelnose stingaree - https://www.sharksandrays.com/eastern-shovelnose-stingaree/ Striped stingaree - https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/summary/27066 Yellow stingray - https://www.sharksandrays.com/yellow-spotted-stingray/ Lessiniabatis - https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Lessiniabatis-aenigmatica-gen-et-sp-nov-from-the-Eocene-of-Bolca-Lagerstaette-a-b_fig1_336149642 Red stingray - https://www.sharksandrays.com/red-stingray/ Roughtail stingray - https://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Dasyatis_centroura/ Giant freshwater stingray - https://www.nationalgeographic.com/animals/fish/facts/giant-freshwater-stingray Xingu river ray - https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/summary/SpeciesSummary.php?ID=53766&AT=Xingu+River+Ray Discus ray - http://www.fishing-worldrecords.com/scientificname/Paratrygon%20aiereba/show Spiny butterfly ray - https://scubasur.net/wildlife/butterfly-ray/ Longhead eagle ray - https://www.edgeofexistence.org/species/longhead-eagle-ray/ Spotted eagle ray - https://oceana.org/marine-life/spotted-eagle-ray/ Bull ray - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bull_ray Ornate eagle ray - https://marinemegafauna.org/news/researchers-document-the-rare-ornate-eagle-ray Devil fish - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devil_fish Munk's devil ray - https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/summary/13191 Giant oceanic manta ray - https://www.mantatrust.org/mobula-birostris Flapnose ray - https://fishbase.mnhn.fr/summary/7971 0:00 Introduction 0:35 Torpediniformes 3:35 Rhinopristiformes 8:40 Rajiformes 11:10 Urolophoidea 14:10 Dasyatoidea 15:00 Dasyatidae 18:10 Potamotrigonidae 19:35 Gymnuridae 20:35 Myliobatinae 24:40 Mobulinae 28:50 Rhinopterinae