Hind limb paw knuckling test
This test is good for conscious proprioceptive testing.
The clinician supports the dogs body weight under the abdomen (for the hind limb test or the chest for the forelimb test)
To test for subtle dysfunction, the clinician may just turn under a single toe. The body weight is redistributed back over the limb being tested and the animal is observed to see if it corrects the foot position.
To avoid stimulating joint angle and muscle receptors in the proximal leg, the clinician tries to turn the toes under without lifting the leg.
